What Are China’s ‘Sponge Cities’ and Why Aren’t They Stopping Urban Floods?
Article 0 Comments China has been hit by devastating floods in recent weeks, inundating cities and causing deaths and infrastructural damage, as well as raising questions about the effectiveness of its 2015 “sponge city” initiative aimed at reducing urban flood risks. The initiative was launched to boost flood resilience in major cities and make better use of rainwater through architectural, engineering and infrastructural tweaks. But cities remain vulnerable to heavy rain. In July alone, floods and related geological disasters caused 142 deaths and disappearances, destroyed 2,300 homes and caused direct economic losses of 15.78 billion yuan ($2.19 billion), China’s emergency ministry said on Monday. Following is an explainer about the sponge city scheme. WHY WAS THE INITIATIVE LAUNCHED? China has long sought to improve the way it handles extreme weather, and make highly populated cities less vulnerable to flooding and drought. The “sponge city” initiative was designed to make greater use of lower-impact “nature-based solutions” to better distribute water and improve drainage and storage. Those solutions included the use of permeable asphalt, the construction of new canals and ponds and also the restoration of wetlands, which would not only ease waterlogging, but also improve the urban environment. Breakneck urbanization has...